\u010cesk\u00e1 republika je domovem bohat\u00e9 biodiverzity, a mezi nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u010dinitelemi pro udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj zem\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed divok\u00e9 v\u010dely. Tyto bezobratl\u00e9 nejen\u017ee zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed opylov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 80 % plod\u016f a zeleniny, ale p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed i ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 se odhaduj\u00ed na des\u00edtky miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b. Podle odhad\u016f Ministerstva zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed je opylov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010delami kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro produkci jablek, hru\u0161ek, brambor, obilnin i olejnat\u00fdch rostlin, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zdrojem potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. Bez nich by mnoh\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 produkty st\u00e1ly mnohem dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, a to jak pro spot\u0159ebitele, tak pro podniky.<\/p>\n
Na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky \u017eije p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 100 druh\u016f v\u010del, z toho v\u011bt\u0161ina pat\u0159\u00ed do rodiny Apidae<\/em>. Mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed medonosn\u00e1 v\u010dela domestikovan\u00e1 (*Apis mellifera*), kter\u00e1 se p\u011bstuje pro v\u00fdrobu medu, ale tak\u00e9 divok\u00e9 druhy jako je v\u010dela lesn\u00ed (*Bombus spp.*), kter\u00e1 je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro opylov\u00e1n\u00ed rostlin v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9mech. Tyto druhy v\u0161ak trp\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm \u00fabytkem, co\u017e je znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed trend, kter\u00fd odborn\u00edci p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed kombinaci faktor\u016f, jako jsou pesticidy, zm\u011bna krajiny a parazitick\u00e9 choroby.<\/p>\n Divok\u00e9 v\u010dely nejen\u017ee podporuj\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. Podle studie z roku 2022 publikovan\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Journal of Apicultural Science<\/em> je opylov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010delami v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 30\u201340 % celkov\u00e9 produkce zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch plodin. Bez nich by nap\u0159\u00edklad produkce jablek klesla o 30 %, hru\u0161ek o 25 % a brambor o 15 %. To se odhaduje na ztr\u00e1ty kolem 15\u201320 miliard korun ro\u010dn\u011b pouze v t\u011bchto kategori\u00edch. Pro zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 podniky, kter\u00e9 se specializuj\u00ed na opylovan\u00e9 plodiny, je to kritick\u00fd faktor pro udr\u017eitelnost.<\/p>\n Krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch v\u00fdnos\u016f jsou divok\u00e9 v\u010dely tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed biodiverzity, kter\u00e1 zvy\u0161uje odolnost p\u016fdy a podporuje r\u016fst dal\u0161\u00edch rostlin. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je nap\u0159\u00edklad opylov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u010delami kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro produkci olejnat\u00fdch rostlin, jako je ln\u011b, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslu i potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Bez nich by se musely zav\u00e1d\u011bt n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 metody um\u011bl\u00e9ho opylov\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e by zv\u00fd\u0161ilo n\u00e1klady na produkci o n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek procent.<\/p>\n Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm rizikem pro divok\u00e9 v\u010dely v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice je jejich \u00fabytek, kter\u00fd se odhaduje na 50 % za posledn\u00edch deset let. Hlavn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami jsou pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nevybran\u00fdch pesticid\u016f, zejm\u00e9na nektarov\u00fdch hnojiv, kter\u00e9 ni\u010d\u00ed v\u010del\u00ed kolonie. Krom\u011b toho je naru\u0161ov\u00e1na jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed zm\u011bnou zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch praktik a ztr\u00e1tou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165. Podle odhad\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9ho svazu ochr\u00e1nc\u016f p\u0159\u00edrody by ochrana divok\u00fdch v\u010del mohla p\u0159in\u00e9st nejen ekologick\u00e9, ale i ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody, nap\u0159\u00edklad zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch plodin.<\/p>\n Naopak, podpora biodiverzity m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zaveden\u00ed ekologick\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch praktik, jako je p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed lu\u0161tinov\u00fdch plodin nebo vytvo\u0159en\u00ed v\u010del\u00edch cest, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b zlep\u0161it stav divok\u00fdch v\u010del. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se tak\u00e9 rozv\u00edj\u00ed projekty, jako je https:\/\/wildies.cz\/<\/a>, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zachovat p\u0159irozen\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my. Tyto iniciativy by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pro budoucnost zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edrody nezbytn\u00e9.<\/p>\n Z\u00e1jem o ochranu divok\u00fdch v\u010del rostouc\u00ed a mnoh\u00e9 organizace a st\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed investovat do projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 by je mohly zachr\u00e1nit. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed podporuje projekty, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed po\u010det v\u010del\u00edch koloni\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, a \u010cesk\u00e1 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 univerzita v Praze prov\u00e1d\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy, kter\u00e9 identifikuj\u00ed nejefektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metody ochrany. V\u010del\u00ed populace by mohla stabilizovat, pokud by se poda\u0159ilo kombinovat ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody s modern\u00edmi zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi technikami.<\/p>\n Divok\u00e9 v\u010dely nejsou jen jedn\u00edm z mnoha d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch prvk\u016f ekosyst\u00e9mu, ale tak\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm zdrojem ekonomick\u00e9ho a ekologick\u00e9ho rozvoje \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Jejich ochrana by m\u011bla b\u00fdt prioritou jak pro zem\u011bd\u011blce, tak pro celou spole\u010dnost. Bez nich by se mnoh\u00e9 produkty staly dra\u017e\u0161\u00edmi, ekosyst\u00e9my oslabily a p\u0159\u00edroda by ztratila sv\u00e9 jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u010cesk\u00e1 republika je domovem bohat\u00e9 biodiverzity, a mezi nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u010dinitelemi pro udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj zem\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed divok\u00e9 v\u010dely. Tyto bezobratl\u00e9 nejen\u017ee<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-124497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=124497"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124497\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124498,"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/124497\/revisions\/124498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=124497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=124497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.salahuddeentr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=124497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Ekonomick\u00fd dopad divok\u00fdch v\u010del pro \u010desk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed<\/h2>\n
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Probl\u00e9my a mo\u017enosti ochrany divok\u00fdch v\u010del<\/h2>\n
Budoucnost divok\u00fdch v\u010del v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/h2>\n